Spores used for sowing

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possibility that some sort of parasitism or mutualism is occurring. crepidotus cinnabarinus was originally described from michigan, but its range has since been extended into canada and southward into mexico—and it has apparently made a fairly recent debut in europe, as well. thanks to crystal davidson for

collecting, documenting, and preserving crepidotus cinnabarinus for study; her collection is deposited in the herbarium of michael kuo . description: ecology: probably saprobic , but see the comments above; growing alone, scattered, or gregariously on the well decayed deadwood of hardwoods (especially...

https://www.mushroomexpert.com/crepidotus_cinnabarinus.html

is a european species partial to the wood of european species of ash, and is either absent in north america or extremely rare. its crusty outer surface releases purple pigments when ground up and soaked in koh , while the crust of daldinia childiae releases brown pigments. thanks to cecily franklin for

collecting, documenting, and preserving daldinia childiae for study; her collection is deposited in the herbarium of michael kuo . description: ecology: saprobic on decaying hardwood logs and, infrequently, conifer logs; growing alone or gregariously, directly from the wood; spring through fall (or...

https://www.mushroomexpert.com/daldinia_childiae.html

gymnopus spongiosus can be found in late summer and fall in eastern north america (also over winter along the gulf coast). the summer/fall appearance helps to separate it from a very close look-alike, gymnopus semihirtipes , which appears in spring and early summer. other crucial identification features for

gymnopus spongiosus include the fact that the hairy tomentum on its stem stretches for the whole length of the stem (rather than merely over the lower portion), the closely spaced gills, and (under the microscope) the absence of dark brown encrustations on the hyphae of the stem. collybia spongiosa...

https://www.mushroomexpert.com/gymnopus_spongiosus.html

michael kuo this nondescript, fleshy, dull orangish polypore is often overlooked; it tends to blend in with its surroundings. a drop of koh anywhere on the fruitbody, however, produces a rather stunning color change to purple or lilac (see the illustration). truth be told, koh is probably not required for

nidulans is recognized by its dull orange colors, its fairly fleshy consistency, the absence of a stem, and the small, angular pores. in eastern north america it is found on hardwood logs and debris, but in the southwest it favors conifer wood. my collections (all from illinois) have somewhat smaller spores...

https://www.mushroomexpert.com/hapalopilus_nidulans.html

pholiota squarrosa (mushroomexpert.com) major groups > gilled mushrooms > dark-spored > pholiota > pholiota squarrosa pholiota squarrosa [ basidiomycetes > agaricales > strophariaceae > pholiota . . . ] by michael kuo this large, showy pholiota is the "type species" for the genus, which means that mycologists

have chosen it to represent the "typical" features of pholiotas--namely, a scaly cap and stem (the genus name means "scaly" in greek), a brown spore print , attached gills, and a partial veil . pholiota squarrosa may require microscopic analysis for certain identification (see below), but its dry cap...

https://www.mushroomexpert.com/pholiota_squarrosa.html

forests in northern and montane north america; it usually grows in clusters (which can measure up to one meter across, according to some sources) and can be recognized by its dark, purplish to bluish black colors and the brittle-fleshed, vase-shaped individual fruiting bodies. thanks to laurence boomer for

collecting, documenting, and preserving polyozellus multiplex for study; his collection is deposited in the herbarium of michael kuo . description: ecology: mycorrhizal with conifers--especially spruces and firs--in low, wet areas; usually growing in dense, fused clusters; northern and montane north...

https://www.mushroomexpert.com/polyozellus_multiplex.html

include clathrus archeri , with – red arms that usually separate at the top and fold backward, and clathrus columnatus , which can look very similar but features a consistently arched apex and arms that arise individually out of the basal volva , rather than from a stem structure. thanks to ron kerner for

documenting, collecting, and preserving pseudocolus fusiformis for study; his collection is deposited in the herbarium of michael kuo . description: ecology: saprobic ; growing alone or gregariously; often found in urban settings but sometimes appearing in woods as well; year-round, depending on climate...

https://www.mushroomexpert.com/pseudocolus_fusiformis.html

unnamed species (or group of species) currently passing as a european species. like the european amanita pantherina, north american versions have brown caps that are covered with white warts , as well as a collar-like roll of veil tissue at the top of the stem's basal bulb, and ellipsoid, inamyloid spores

. the western north american version is associated primarily with conifers, and has a variable cap that ranges from dark brown to pale tan or nearly yellowish (creating confusion with amanita gemmata ). amanita expert rod tulloss has provided preliminary documentation for a putative species he has provisionally...

https://www.mushroomexpert.com/amanita_pantherina.html

") is a western, conifer-loving species defined by its large size, its gills (which begin to run down the stem), its white spore print , its stem (long and rooting, with a tapered base), its sticky brownish cap, its mealy odor, and its double ring . under the microscope, it has elongated, amyloid spores

. that, anyway, is how i am defining the species here. catathelasma ventricosum is very similar; if it occurs in western north america (see my comments on the page for that species), be prepared to have difficulty separating the two species if your field guide author allows a brownish cap and/or mealy...

https://www.mushroomexpert.com/catathelasma_imperiale.html

color. it even looks like other species of coltricia from above—though it is much larger than coltricia cinnamomea , the best-known coltricia. flip the mushroom over, however, and its fascinating concentric gills (the official term is "cyclomycoid tubes") are quite a surprise. thanks to walt sturgeon for

collecting coltricia montagnei; his collection is deposited in the herbarium of michael kuo . thanks to sherwood forest friends for facilitating collection of specimens. description: ecology: apparently saprobic ; growing terrestrially, alone or gregariously under hardwoods or conifers; widely distributed...

https://www.mushroomexpert.com/coltricia_montagnei.html